Population of Turkey in Europe and Successor States, 1800-1910
In '000s
Blue = core Ottoman territories          Red = first census after territorial increase

 

Ottoman Lands

Serbia

Monte- negro

Bosnia

Greece

Bulgaria

Romania

Total

1800

5,294

183

29

634

1810

5,434

189

30

1820

5,511

369

38

720

939

1830

5,560

455

43

718

1840

6,075

805

48

850

1850

6,880

971

54

1,100

1,009

1860

7,520

1,102

62

1,220

1,090

3,918

1870

8,130

1,284

69

1,260

1,458

2,769

4,294

15,235

1880

4,437

1,803

145

1,186

1,706

2,824

4,546

16,647

1890

4,341

2,185

167

1,447

2,221

3,247

5,318

18,926

1900

4,680

2,529

186

1,671

2,504

3,744

6,045

21,359

1910

5,176

2,922

212

1,898

2,689

4,338

6,965

24,200

Sources:  Figures (except for Romania) are from Michael Palairet, The Balkan Economies c. 1800-1914 (Cambridge, 1997), p. 20. For Romania they are from Andrew C. Janos, "Modernization and Decay in Historical Perspective", in Social Change in Romania, 1860-1940, ed. by Kenneth Jowett (Berkeley, 1978), p. 85.

"Ottoman Lands":  The figures in this column cover all of "Turkey in Europe" except Romania, which was never fully under Ottoman administration. This column incorporates also any blue figures to the right, for territories still integrated into the Empire.

Serbia:  Expanded south and southeast in 1833 and 1878, at the expense of the Ottomans.
Montenegro:  Expanded by small increments in 1860 and 1878, at the expense of the Ottomans.
Bosnia-Herzegovinia:  Governed directly by Austria-Hungary after 1878, annexed in 1908.
Greece:  Gained the Ionian Islands (incl. Corfu) from Britain in 1864 (pop. 232,000), and Thessaly and part of Epirus from the Ottomans in 1881.
Bulgaria:  The 1870 and 1880 figures in the chart combine the populations of Bulgaria proper (2,022,000 and 2,008,000, respectively) and Eastern Rumelia (747,000 and 816,000, respectively).
Romania:  This column combines the figures for Wallachia and Moldavia. Romania gained the Dobrudja in 1878.