Gross National Product of the Major European Countries in the 19th Century

Gross National Product of the Major European Countries
in the 19th Century
(in millions of 1960 United States dollars)

	Germany	Britain	Russia	Austria	France	Italy
1830	7,235	8,245	10,550	7,210	8,582	5,570
1840	8,320	10,431	11,200	8,315	10,335	5,951
1850	10,395	12,591	12,700	9,190	11,870	6,666
1860	12,771	16,072	14,400	9,996	13,326	7,466
1870	16,697	19,628	22,920	11,380	16,800	8,273
1880	19.993	23,551	23,250	12,297	17,381	8,745
1890	26,454	29,441	21,180	15,380	19,758	9,435
1900	35,800	36,273	32,000	19,400	23,500	10,820
1910	45,523	40,623	43,830	23,970	26,869	12,598
1913	49,760	44,074	52,420	26,050	27,401	15,624
Growth 1830-1913	688%	535%	497%	361%	319%	281%

Source: Paul Bairoch, "Europe's Gross National Product: 1800-1975," Journal of European Economic History 5 (1976): 281.

The figure given for each date except 1913 is a three-year average. The territory is the national territory as of the date given.

These figures are the result of complex deductions from and adjustments to contemporary data, and have a large margin of error, but they are widely accepted as the best figures we have. Some figures have an especially high margin of error: the German figures for the first two dates, the Russian and Italian figures for the first three dates, and all the Austrian figures.