Monarchs and
Political Systems
in the 19th and 20th
Centuries
|
Great Britain |
Russian Empire / Soviet Union |
|||
| British Monarchy (House of Hanover/Windsor) | Russian Empire (House of Romanov) | |||
| George III | 1760 - 1820 | Catherine II (the Great) | 1762 - 1796 | |
| George IV | 1820 - 1830 | Paul I | 1796 - 1801 | |
| William IV | 1830 - 1837 | Alexander I | 1801 - 1825 | |
| Victoria | 1837 - 1901 | Nicholas I | 1825 - 1855 | |
| Edward VII | 1901 - 1910 | Alexander II | 1855 - 1881 | |
| George V | 1910 - 1936 | Alexander III | 1881 - 1894 | |
| Edward VIII | 1936 | Nicholas II | 1894 - 1917 | |
| George VI | 1936 - 1952 | Soviet Russia | 1917 - 1991 | |
| Elizabeth II | 1952 - | Russian Republic | 1991 - | |
| Prussia / Germany | France | |||
| Prussian Kingdom (House of Hohenzollern) | French Monarchy (House of Bourbon) | |||
| Frederick II (the Great) | 1740 - 1786 | Louis XVI | 1774 - 1792 | |
| Frederick William II | 1786 - 1797 | Republic | 1792 - 1799 | |
| Frederick William III | 1797 - 1840 | Consulate and Empire | ||
| Frederick William IV | 1840 - 1861 | Napoleon I | 1799 - 1814/5 | |
| William I | 1861 - 1871 | Bourbon Monarchy | ||
| German Empire (also Prussia) | Louis XVIII | 1814/5 - 1824 | ||
| William I | 1871 - 1888 | Charles X | 1824 - 1830 | |
| Frederick III | 1888 | Orléans Monarchy | ||
| William II | 1888 - 1918 | Louis-Philippe | 1830 - 1848 | |
| Weimar Republic | 1918 - 1933 | Second Republic | 1848 - 1852 | |
| Third Reich | 1933 - 1945 | Second Empire | ||
| Allied occupation | 1945 - 1949 | Napoleon III | 1852 - 1870 | |
| German Democratic | Third Republic | 1870 - 1940 | ||
| Republic (East Germany) | 1949 - 1990 | Vichy / German occupation | 1940 - 1944 | |
| Federal Republic of | Fourth Republic | 1944 - 1958 | ||
| Germany | 1949 - | Fifth Republic | 1958 - | |
| Austria / Austria-Hungary | Italy | |||
| Holy Roman Empire (House of Habsburg) | Italian Monarchy (House of Savoy) | |||
| Francis II | 1792 - 1806 | Victor Emmanuel II | 1861 - 1878 | |
| Austrian Empire | Umberto I | 1878 - 1900 | ||
| Francis II | 1804 - 1835 | Victor Emmanuel III | 1900 - 1946 | |
| Ferdinand I | 1835 - 1848 | Umberto II | 1946 | |
| Francis Joseph | 1848 - 1867 | Republic | 1946 - | |
| Austro-Hungarian Empire | ||||
| Francis Joseph | 1867 - 1916 | |||
| Charles I | 1916 - 1918 | |||